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建筑賞析|穿越中東歐售貨亭，遇見城市里的“永恒”設(shè)計(jì)

發(fā)布于：2024-10-21 15:01:15

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穿越中東歐售貨亭，遇見城市里的“永恒”設(shè)計(jì)第1張圖片

十個(gè)現(xiàn)代主義售貨亭：通向別樣世界的窗口
Ten modernist kiosks that offer "a window to a different world"

由專筑網(wǎng)王沛儒，小R編譯

在《Kiosk》一書中，百余個(gè)現(xiàn)代主義售貨亭在中東歐街頭熠熠生輝。書的作者David Navarro和Martyna Sobecka揭示了這些獨(dú)特建筑的奧秘，并精選出十個(gè)最具趣味的例子。

本書匯集了150個(gè)現(xiàn)存的模塊化售貨亭的照片，這些亭臺(tái)在前東歐集團(tuán)的工廠中建造，并在上世紀(jì)70年代到90年代期間組裝于城市之中。

該書由Navarro和Sobecka策劃，他們是出版商和設(shè)計(jì)工作室Zupagrafika的創(chuàng)始人。在為先前的出版物記錄中東歐的住宅區(qū)時(shí)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了這些結(jié)構(gòu)。

Over 100 modernist booths that brighten streets across central and eastern Europe feature in the book Kiosk. Authors David Navarro and Martyna Sobecka shed light on the unusual structures and pick 10 of the most interesting.
Kiosk compiles photos of 150 surviving modular kiosks that were built in factories and assembled in cities in the former Eastern Bloc between the 1970s to the 1990s.
It has been curated by Navarro and Sobecka, the founders of publisher and design studio Zupagrafika, who discovered the structures while documenting housing estates across central and eastern Europe for their previous publications.

穿越中東歐售貨亭，遇見城市里的“永恒”設(shè)計(jì)第2張圖片

在他們的旅途中，這對搭檔發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些現(xiàn)代主義售貨亭曾是社區(qū)的心臟——從雜志店到冰激凌攤，應(yīng)有盡有。

其中包括建筑師Sasa J Machtig設(shè)計(jì)的著名K67型號(hào)，以及波蘭的Kami和馬其頓的KC190等其他版本。

然而，盡管有些結(jié)構(gòu)正在恢復(fù)和改造中，它們的數(shù)量也正在減少，許多如今已經(jīng)關(guān)閉、拆除或任其荒廢。

“《Kiosk》是對一種設(shè)計(jì)的致敬，這種設(shè)計(jì)像所有偉大的設(shè)計(jì)一樣，永不過時(shí)。”Navarro和Sobecka說道。

“我們與許多售貨亭的擁有者或工作人員進(jìn)行了簡短的采訪，書中收錄了一些這些采訪的簡短片段。”他們繼續(xù)道。

“在很多情況下，他們表達(dá)了對自己售貨亭的自豪感。”Zupagrafika的創(chuàng)始人補(bǔ)充說，“當(dāng)我們問人們對這些售貨亭的記憶時(shí)，他們告訴我們，這些亭臺(tái)是通向別樣世界的窗口。”

閱讀以下內(nèi)容，了解Zupagrafika精選的十個(gè)書中亭臺(tái)：

Zupagrafika的目標(biāo)是希望這本書能夠引起人們對這些“永恒”設(shè)計(jì)的關(guān)注，認(rèn)為它們值得在現(xiàn)代城市中占有一席之地。

During their travels, the duo discovered these modernist kiosks were once the beating heart of communities – used as everything from magazine stores to ice cream stands.
Among them are the influential K67 model by the architect Sasa J Machtig, and other versions such as the Polish Kami and the Macedonian KC190.
However, while some structures are being restored and repurposed today, their numbers are dwindling, with many now closed, removed or left to deteriorate.
Zupagrafika's goal is for the book to help draw attention to the "timeless" designs of these playful structures, which it believes are deserving of a place in modern-day cities.
"Kiosk is a testament to a design that, like all great designs, remains timeless," Navarro and Sobecka told Dezeen.
"We conducted short interviews with many of the owners or people working in these kiosks, and brief snippets of these interviews are featured in the book," they continued.
"In many cases, they express pride in their kiosks," the Zupagrafika founders added. "When we ask people for their memories, they tell us these kiosks were a window to a different world."
Read on for Zupagrafika's top 10 kiosks featured in the book:

穿越中東歐售貨亭，遇見城市里的“永恒”設(shè)計(jì)第3張圖片

K67 斯洛文尼亞

“K67亭臺(tái)出現(xiàn)在書的封面上，它既作為展覽品，也是Anton Ukmar廣場的一部分，旨在振興和激活公共空間。”

“我們有幸與標(biāo)志性K67的設(shè)計(jì)者Saša J Mächtig對話，他分享了一篇新聞文章，展示了他在開幕式上的講座。他告訴我們，設(shè)計(jì)第二代K67近五十年后，他現(xiàn)在正致力于第三代K67的設(shè)計(jì)。”

“就在我們拍完這張照片的幾天后，這個(gè)亭臺(tái)被拆除。”

K67, Slovenia
"The K67 kiosk featured on the book cover served as both an exhibit and a venue for civic activities at Anton Ukmar Square in Koper, as part of an initiative aimed at revitalising and activating the public space.
"We had the privilege of speaking with Saša J Mächtig, the designer of the iconic K67, who shared a press article showing him giving a lecture at the opening. He told us that, nearly 50 years after designing the second generation, he is now working on the third generation of the K67.
"Just a few days after we took this picture, the kiosk was removed."

穿越中東歐售貨亭，遇見城市里的“永恒”設(shè)計(jì)第4張圖片

K67 塞爾維亞

“在塞爾維亞的戈?duì)柲岣窭聟^(qū)，這個(gè)叫做‘pekara’的售貨亭在貝爾格萊德非常受歡迎。”

“在那拍攝時(shí)，我們被顧客的數(shù)量驚到了。司機(jī)和路人常常停下來買面包或當(dāng)?shù)氐母恻c(diǎn)。這個(gè)模塊化的亭臺(tái)被瓦屋頂覆蓋，與K67的現(xiàn)代主義設(shè)計(jì)形成對比。”

K67, Serbia
"This pekara, meaning bakery in Serbian, is in the district of Gornji Grad and is quite popular in Belgrade.
"While shooting there, we were surprised by the number of customers. Drivers and passersby frequently stop for a quick visit to order bread or local pastries. The modular kiosk is sheltered by a tile roof, which contrasts with the modernist design of the K67."

穿越中東歐售貨亭，遇見城市里的“永恒”設(shè)計(jì)第5張圖片

Kami 波蘭

“幾十年來，這個(gè)Kami售貨亭在波蘭羅茲市一直用作停車場崗?fù)ぃ钡?023年被拆除。”

“Kami以其生產(chǎn)廠家Aleksandrów Łódzki命名，這座城市靠近羅茲，是波蘭版的K67。幾年前，我們在記錄位于羅茲中央?yún)^(qū)的上世紀(jì)70年代野獸派住宅區(qū)——被當(dāng)?shù)厝朔Q為‘曼哈頓住宅區(qū)’時(shí)拍下了這張照片。”

“照片中的女士是售票員，她用鉤針編織的窗簾裝飾了這個(gè)亭臺(tái)，并在休息后進(jìn)入亭臺(tái)。”

Kami, Poland
"For decades, this Kami kiosk was used as a parking lot booth in Łódź, Poland, until its removal in 2023.
"Named after their manufacturer in Aleksandrów Łódzki, a town near Łódź, Kami were the Polish version of the K67. We took this photo several years ago while documenting the Śródmiejska Dzielnica Mieszkaniowa, also known locally as the Manhattan estate, a 1970s brutalist housing complex in the central district of Łódź.
"The woman walking in the photo was the ticket puncher, who had customised the kiosk with crochet curtains and was entering the booth after a break."

穿越中東歐售貨亭，遇見城市里的“永恒”設(shè)計(jì)第6張圖片

UFO 波蘭

“在波蘭-白俄羅斯邊境附近的Biała Podlaska，這個(gè)UFO亭臺(tái)由一個(gè)名為‘bathyscaphe’的雙模塊結(jié)構(gòu)組成。”

“它曾出售各種物品，包括報(bào)紙、香煙和玩具，還充當(dāng)小藥店，提供清潔產(chǎn)品和化妝品。”

“bathyscaphe系統(tǒng)從前蘇聯(lián)進(jìn)口到波蘭，主要由金屬制成，不同于用增強(qiáng)聚纖維制成的K67。不幸的是，幾個(gè)月前這里的生意停止了，盡管亭臺(tái)仍在，卻不再有任何功能。”

UFO, Poland
"The UFO kiosk in Biała Podlaska, near the Polish-Belarusian border, is made from a two-module structure called a bathyscaphe.
"It used to sell a variety of items, including newspapers, cigarettes and toys, and served as a small drugstore offering cleaning products and cosmetics.
"The bathyscaphe systems were imported into Poland from the former USSR and are primarily made of metal, unlike the K67, which is made of reinforced polyfiber. Unfortunately, the business ceased operations a few months ago and while the kiosk remains, it is no longer functional."

穿越中東歐售貨亭，遇見城市里的“永恒”設(shè)計(jì)第7張圖片

Bar Slavček 斯洛文尼亞

“在記錄模塊化售貨亭時(shí)，我們對這些結(jié)構(gòu)拆除之后的去向感到好奇。”

“其中一個(gè)例子是斯洛文尼亞Novo Mesto的受歡迎的模塊化酒吧Bar Slavček。幾年前，它關(guān)閉后被重新安置在一個(gè)城堡的公共區(qū)域，等待翻新。”

“在波蘭，有一個(gè)售貨亭的‘墓地’，但我們在那里只找到了較新的亭臺(tái)模型，這些與我們的研究無關(guān)。最近，一些K67模塊正在被修復(fù)，之后會(huì)提供租用或購買。”

Bar Slavček, Slovenia
"While documenting modular kiosks, we became intrigued by what happens to these structures once they are removed from the urban grid.
"One example is this popular modular bar, Bar Slavček, in Novo Mesto, Slovenia. It closed down a few years ago and was relocated to a public area of a castle, where it awaits renovation.
"In Poland, there is a kiosk cemetery, but we only found newer kiosk models there, which were not relevant to our research. Recently, some K67 modules are being restored and later offered for rent or purchase."

穿越中東歐售貨亭，遇見城市里的“永恒”設(shè)計(jì)第8張圖片

KC190 北馬其頓

“在北馬其頓斯科普里運(yùn)輸中心的火車站臺(tái)上，有一排KC190或稱為KF型號(hào)的亭臺(tái)，用作售票點(diǎn)和工作人員辦公室。”

“這個(gè)建筑群是日本建筑師丹下健三設(shè)計(jì)的，是該市在1963年斯科普里地震后重建計(jì)劃的一部分，應(yīng)用了野獸派建筑風(fēng)格。我們對這片建筑群的破敗狀態(tài)感到驚訝。”

KC190, North Macedonia
"At the train platform of the Skopje Transportation Centre in North Macedonia, there is a row of KC190, or type KF, kiosks used as ticket vending points and staff offices.
"The complex was designed by Japanese architect Kenzo Tange as part of a broader brutalist approach to the city's reconstruction plan following the 1963 Skopje earthquake. We were surprised by the rather derelict state of the complex."

穿越中東歐售貨亭，遇見城市里的“永恒”設(shè)計(jì)第9張圖片

K67 波蘭

“在波蘭，K67售貨亭常被稱為‘Jugokiosk’。”

“你幾乎可以在這里買到任何東西，從香煙到農(nóng)場雞蛋。在Piaskowa Góra Housing Estate, Wałbrzych，有一排之前賣雞蛋和蔬菜的Jugokiosk，現(xiàn)在只剩下一個(gè)仍在營業(yè)，作為香煙售貨亭。”

K67, Poland
"In Poland, K67 kiosks have often been referred to as Jugokiosk.
"You could buy virtually anything there, from cigarettes to farm eggs. In Piaskowa Góra Housing Estate, Wałbrzych, a row of Jugokiosks that previously sold eggs and vegetables now has only one operational unit, which serves as a cigarette vendor."

穿越中東歐售貨亭，遇見城市里的“永恒”設(shè)計(jì)第10張圖片

K67 克羅地亞

“這個(gè)K67模塊位于克羅地亞Židovinjak村附近的越野賽道上，作為存儲(chǔ)單元和瞭望塔使用。”

“拍攝前一晚下了大雨，留下了許多積水坑和泥濘洞，難以察覺。David拍照時(shí)，一不小心陷入了一個(gè)洞，直到膝蓋。實(shí)際上，書中的照片是從這個(gè)洞里拍的。”

K67, Croatia
"This K67 module serves as a storage unit and watchtower stand at a motocross track near the village of Židovinjak, Croatia.
"It had rained heavily the night before we took the shot, leaving some areas with puddles and muddy holes that were hard to spot.
"While David was taking pictures, he started sinking into one of these holes, up to his knees. In fact, this photo featured in the book was taken from inside the hole."

穿越中東歐售貨亭，遇見城市里的“永恒”設(shè)計(jì)第11張圖片

KC190 塞爾維亞

“我們在前南斯拉夫國家中發(fā)現(xiàn)保存最完好的KC190售貨亭之一，位于克拉古耶瓦茨市的Pivara區(qū)高等技術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院。”

“KC190模塊化售貨亭系列由斯科普里的建筑師亞Aleksandar Nikoljski設(shè)計(jì)，于1986年大量生產(chǎn)，由北馬其頓斯特魯加的Treska Poliplast制造。”

KC190, Serbia
"One of the best-preserved KC190 kiosks we found in the former Yugoslav countries is at the Higher Technical School of Vocational Studies in the Pivara District of Kragujevac, Serbia.
"The KC190 modular kiosk series was designed by Aleksandar Nikoljski, an architect based in Skopje, in 1986 and was mass-produced by Treska Poliplast in Struga, North Macedonia."

穿越中東歐售貨亭，遇見城市里的“永恒”設(shè)計(jì)第12張圖片

Kioski 德國

“Kioski是成功改造K-67的一個(gè)例子。”

“這個(gè)售貨亭現(xiàn)作為咖啡店使用，由K67柏林公司修復(fù)，該公司專注于復(fù)興這些模塊化攤位。當(dāng)時(shí)在那兒工作的Silvia邀請我們品嘗了一杯濃縮咖啡，非常美味。”

Kioski, Germany
"Kioski is an example of a successful use of a refurbished K-67.
"The kiosk, now serving as a coffee shop, was restored by K67 Berlin, a company specialising in reviving these modular stands. Silvia, who was working there at the time, invited us to try an espresso, which was excellent."

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