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本項目為何家村老年之家。何家村地處杭州西南，位于龍塢茶山間的峽谷區(qū)域。村民主要以茶葉種植制作為業(yè)。老年之家是為村里老年人提供休閑娛樂、健康服務的小型公共空間。項目場地原為村民住宅用地，位于密集民宅群中。北臨村莊次干道，東、南兩側毗鄰村民住宅，西側小路聯(lián)通次干道與村莊主道。
This project is a senior home in Hejia Village. Hejia Village is located in the southwest of Hangzhou, in the canyon area among the Longwu tea mountains. The villagers are mainly engaged in tea planting and production. The Home for the Elderly is a small public space that provides leisure, recreation and health services for the elderly in the village. The project site was originally a villager's residential land, located in a dense cluster of residential houses. It is bordered by the secondary road of the village in the north, adjoining villagers' houses in the east and south, and a small road connecting the secondary road with the main road of the village in the west.
▼ 沿街人視，Perspective view from street ©ArchNango
▼ 項目鳥瞰，Ariel view of the project ©ArchNango
與原生態(tài)農村相比，何家村的空間環(huán)境不提供鄉(xiāng)土建筑的符號化形象，也缺乏特色的建構傳統(tǒng)與建造工藝。如何在面目模糊的鄉(xiāng)村空間環(huán)境中，識別出表征環(huán)境特點的空間實相成為該項目主要的設計難點與突破口。
農村住宅作為場地周邊主要建筑類型，是設計研究的主要落腳點。設計希望通過對農村住宅組成、元素、空間等要素的沿用、轉譯與重構，實現(xiàn)鄉(xiāng)村性表達與公共性塑造，也為老年人塑造出回“家”感受。
Compared to the original ecological rural areas, the spatial environment of Hejia Village does not provide symbolic images of vernacular architecture and lacks distinctive construction traditions and building techniques. Identifying the spatial realities that represent the characteristics of the environment in this ambiguous rural spatial context has become the main design challenge and breakthrough for the project.
As the main building type around the site, the rural residence is the main landing point of the design study. The design hopes to realize the expression of ruralness and publicity by following, translating and reconstructing the composition, elements and space of the rural houses, as well as creating a sense of “home” for the elderly.
▼ 總圖，Site plan ©由牧建筑
▼ 項目鳥瞰，Ariel view of the project ©由牧建筑
沿用：村民生活的空間呈現(xiàn)
場地周邊的沿街村宅多具有“低層輔房+多層主樓”空間組合特征。輔房為村民生產生活方式的產物，主要功能為茶葉的儲藏、加工、銷售；在經濟方式發(fā)生變化的今天，部分也演化做休憩、會客等多功能空間。
Continuing: The spatial representation of villagers' life
The village houses along the street around the site are mostly characterized by the spatial combination of “l(fā)ow-rise auxiliary house + multi-storey main building”. The auxiliary house is the product of the villagers' production and life style, and its main function is the storage, processing and sale of tea leaves; nowadays, with the change of the economic mode, some of them have also evolved into multi-functional spaces such as resting and meeting guests.
▼ “輔房+主樓”空間組合，“Auxiliary house + Main building”Spatial Mode ©由牧建筑
設計沿用“輔房+主樓”形態(tài)組合，將原先與主體住宅并置的輔房空間嵌入到主體建筑靠街側，延續(xù)街道界面，化解緊張的道路關系，形成過渡式半公共空間。輔房形象取用獨立的圓柱支撐在延伸向街道的薄板與座椅圍合成的基礎之間，在玻璃移門完全打開時，呈現(xiàn)為公共的亭臺與聚場，構成往來行人與老人停留聚集的日常背景。
The design follows the form combination of “auxiliary house + main building”, embedding the space of the auxiliary house which was originally juxtaposed with the main residence into the side of the main building against the street, continuing the street interface, dissolving the tense relationship with the road, and forming a transitional semi-public space. The image of the auxiliary house is taken as an independent column supported between the thin boards extending towards the street and the foundation surrounded by the seats, and when the sliding glass door is fully opened, it is presented as a public pavilion and gathering place, constituting a daily background for pedestrians and the elderly to stay and gather.
▼ 沿街人視，Perspective view from street ©ArchNango
雕塑：在地元素的提取重組
老年之家的主體形象則是來自于對在地元素的提取重組。以堅實建筑墻體與厚重坡屋頂的組合成的正面形象，為來訪的村民塑造出常規(guī)村宅的熟悉感，而自轉角位置墻體傾斜而下，與屋頂脫開，則強化出街道轉角動勢，也為二層空間向南打開巨大的隙口，創(chuàng)造出超越住宅尺度的雕塑性和體量感。挑出的坡屋頂取用茶葉的輕盈形態(tài)，自街角向鄰宅傾斜，形成柔和的場地覆蓋。底層的基座、轉角處的長窗、微弧的正立面等形式，均來自對村宅處理建筑尺度、地形關系手法的擬仿，試圖以質樸的方式，在公共建筑的完整形象與鄉(xiāng)村住宅的日常尺度間捕捉到微妙的平衡感。
Sculpture: The Extraction and Recombination of Earth Elements
The main image of the home for the elderly comes from the localization and reorganization of the surrounding rural residential elements. The combination of solid building walls and heavy sloping roofs creates a front image that is familiar to the villagers who visit the house, while the sloping down of the walls from the corner position, disconnected from the roofs, strengthens the momentum of the street corners, and opens up a huge gap to the south of the second floor space, creating a sense of sculpture and volume that transcends the scale of the house.The selected sloped roof adopts the light and airy form of tea leaves, tilting from the street corner towards the neighboring house, creating a gentle site coverage. The base of the ground floor, the long windows at the corners, and the slightly curved front façade all come from the imitation of the village house in dealing with architectural scale and topographical relationship, trying to capture the delicate balance between the complete image of the public building and the daily scale of the village house in a simple way.The interior is primarily based on white walls and light-colored oak, creating a warm and cozy atmosphere for users through the use of warm-toned surfaces that wrap around the space.
▼ 模型，Model ©由牧建筑
▼ 沿街人視，Perspective view from street ©ArchNango
變形：農宅空間的展開與變奏
農村住宅的內部往往以“走廊-房間”為結構，形成自外向內、自下而上的私密感遞增序列。而設計試圖通過對此序列的借用與變形，形成熟悉而陌生的公共之家。
Transformation: The Expansion and Variation of Agricultural Housing Space
The interior of rural houses is often structured as “corridor-room”, forming a sequence of increasing privacy from the outside to the inside and from the bottom to the top. The design tries to borrow and distort this sequence to form a familiar but strange public house.
▼ 軸測分解，Axonometric view ©由牧建筑
▼ 模型，Model ©由牧建筑
一層自外而內的弧面-斜面-直墻三界面，以洞口相連，形成打開-半打開-封閉的三個“房間”序列，為老人的飯后相遇、觀影聚會、棋牌娛樂塑造出私密性遞增的功能空間序列。
On the first floor, the three interfaces of curved, slanted and straight walls are connected by holes, forming a sequence of open, semi-open and closed “rooms”, which creates a sequence of functional spaces with an increasing sense of privacy for the elderly to meet each other after meals, to watch movies, and to play chess and cards.
▼ 剖面，Section ©由牧建筑
▼ 1樓室內，Perspective view of 1st floor ©ArchNango
樓梯自一層轉角處轉折向上，經由洞口導向高聳明亮的二層空間。在二層，健康中心與兒童活動室通過連橋相連，與一層自通高處形成實現(xiàn)視覺互動，營造出“同一屋檐下”的開放感受。
The staircase turns from the corner of the first floor and leads upward through an opening to the soaring and bright second floor. On the second floor, the health center and children's activity room are connected by a bridge, creating a visual interaction with the first floor from the height, creating an open feeling of “under the same roof”.
▼ 剖面，Section ©由牧建筑
▼ 樓梯，Stairs ©ArchNango
▼ 二樓室內，Perspective view of 2nd floor ©由牧建筑
室內整體以白墻與淺色橡木為基底，通過體塊感暖色界面進行空間包裹，為使用者創(chuàng)造居家般的溫馨氛圍。
The interior is primarily based on white walls and light-colored oak, with warm-toned surfaces creating a sense of spatial enclosure, providing users with a cozy atmosphere reminiscent of home.
▼ 二樓室內，Perspective view of 2nd floor ©ArchNango
總結：突破符號化與類型化的鄉(xiāng)建嘗試
項目試圖突破符號化、類型化的鄉(xiāng)建設計框架，通過識別、提取、重構真實的當地建筑現(xiàn)實，給逐漸喪失特點的鄉(xiāng)村環(huán)境帶來陌生卻熟悉的面孔，為何家村老人創(chuàng)造出新鮮卻親切的“家”。
Summary: Attempts to Break Through Symbolization and Typification in Rural Construction
The project aims to break through the symbolic and typified framework of rural design by identifying, extracting, and reconstructing the authentic local architectural reality. It seeks to bring a strange yet familiar face to the gradually characterless rural environment, creating a fresh yet intimate "home" for the elderly in Hejia Village.
▼ 鳥瞰，Ariel view ofproject ©由牧建筑
▼ 沿街人視，Perspective view from street ©ArchNango
技術圖紙
▼ 一層平面圖，1st floor plan ©由牧建筑
▼ 二層平面圖，2nd floor plan ©由牧建筑
▼ 北立面圖，North elevation ©由牧建筑
▼ 東立面圖，East elevation ©由牧建筑
▼ 南立面圖，South elevation ©由牧建筑
▼ 西立面圖，West elevation ©由牧建筑
項目名稱：何家村老年之家
項目類型：建筑
設計方：由牧建筑
項目設計：2023.10
完成年份：2024.10
設計團隊：林劍博、楊嘉桐、錢盛宇
施工圖團隊：方韻平、萬林海、姚超超、朱笑生、金暢、王鵬濤
項目統(tǒng)籌：董蒔
項目地址：浙江省杭州市轉塘街道西湖區(qū)何家村
建筑面積：230㎡
客戶：浙江省杭州市轉塘街道西湖區(qū)何家村村委
攝影版權：ArchNango、由牧建筑
Project name: Senior home in Hejia Village
Project type: Architecture
Design: Youmu Architects
Design year: 2023.10
Completion Year: 2024.10
Leader designer & Team: Jianbo Lin/Jiatong Yang/Shengyu Qian
Construction Drawing Team:Yunping Fang/Linhai Wan/Chaochao Yao/Xiaosheng Zhu/Chang Jin/Pengtao Wang
Project Coordinator: Shi Dong
Project location: Hejia village,Zhuantang Street,Xihu district,Hangzhou,Zhejiang
Gross built area: 230㎡
Clients: Committee of Hejia village,Zhuantang Street,Xihu district,Hangzhou,Zhejiang
Photo credit: ArchNango/Youmu Architects
來源：本文由由牧建筑提供稿件，所有著作權歸屬由牧建筑所有。
本文版權歸腿腿教學網及原創(chuàng)作者所有，未經授權，謝絕轉載。
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