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設計單位? MVRDV

項目地點? 阿爾巴尼亞地拉那

方案狀態? 獲勝方案

面積? 90200平方米

本文文字由MVRDV提供。

MVRDV贏得了地拉那Asllan Rusi體育宮的競賽，這座綜合功能的建筑包含一個擁有6000個座位的籃球和排球館，以及住宅公寓、酒店和底層零售空間。MVRDV的方案采用直徑超過100米的球形空間，將所有功能整合到一座體育場館之中，將體育與社區融為一個和諧的整體。該方案名為“The Grand Ballroom”（大宴會廳），建成后將成為地拉那風格鮮明的建筑群中的新成員，為市民提供獨特的社交和聚集場所。

MVRDV has won the competition for the new Asllan Rusi sports palace in Tirana, a mixed-use complex that includes a 6,000-seat arena for basketball and volleyball as well as residential apartments, a hotel, and ground-level retail. Taking the form of a sphere over 100 metres in diameter, MVRDV’s proposal combines these functions into a monumental stadium space that blends sport and community into a cohesive environment. Named The Grand Ballroom, the proposal will become a new addition to the city’s collection of distinctive architectural projects, and a singular destination for the people of the city to gather together.

該競賽方案由MVRDV與聯合體成員Trema Tech shpk、Likado BV、Albanian Capital Group shpk 和BCN Investments BV協作呈現。設計采用獨特的球形結構，在連接機場和市中心的道路旁創造出一座標志性建筑，同時，將酒店和住宅功能堆疊在體育館之上，在相對較有限的占地面積上融合了更多的功能。球形結構也能避免產生任何忽視周邊社區的“背”立面。接近地面空間，球面向內收縮，創造了更多公共空間，也能容納兒童友好的戶外運動設施；球面在接近頂部時也不斷向內收縮，為住戶提供了露臺空間。

The competition entry was produced with a consortium comprising Trema Tech shpk, Likado BV, Albanian Capital Group shpk, and BCN Investments BV. The design’s distinctive feature, its spherical shape, accomplishes much more than simply creating an iconic structure alongside the road connecting the airport to the city centre. By stacking the hotel and residential functions on top of the arena itself, the design accommodates a significant amount of programme on a relatively small site. By making the building rounded, it avoids creating any “rear” fa?ades that neglect the surrounding neighbourhood. By tapering inwards towards the building’s base, it creates more space for public plazas and outdoor sports facilities that can be used by local children. And by tapering inward at the top, it creates terraces for the building’s residents.

建筑的功能也依據球形平面分層布置，同時開辟了一層地下空間，設有階梯和看臺，拾級向下通往零售空間、咖啡館和便利設施，這些設施為體育館的活動提供支持。沿著階梯向上則到達體育館內部，人們也可通過地面層的短橋進入場館，主場館兩側還有兩個隱藏在看臺下的訓練場。酒店位于場館之上的兩層，住客可以分別從酒店低區的房間開窗和上層的休息區觀看比賽，享受獨特的入住和觀賽體驗。更特別的是，酒店高區的休閑空間懸挑在看臺上方，因而在體育館的天花板上形成了一個眼睛形狀的開口。

The building’s functions are arranged in layers. Where the sphere meets the ground, it imprints the earth, creating a lower-ground floor with steps and tribunes leading downwards to a ring of retail spaces, cafés, and amenities that supports the arena’s events. Above this is the arena itself, accessed by short bridges at ground level, with the main venue flanked by two additional training courts hidden beneath the stands. The hotel occupies two floors above this. With this gesture, the hotel is given a unique feature, allowing the guests to see the matches from the windows of rooms on the lower level of the hotel, and from the amenity spaces on the upper level, which cantilever over the stands to create an oculus in the arena ceiling.

眼狀的開口可以用厚玻璃層封閉，形成隔音屏障，同時保持上下空間在視覺上的連通。在這一層之上，公寓位于球體的雙層外殼結構內，內部形成了一個巨大的半室外穹頂空間——幾乎是碗形體育館的鏡像。這個穹頂空間成為住戶的庭院花園，配有成齡樹木和座椅家具供人駐足休憩。穹頂結構在多處讓位于建筑立面上三層或四層通高的矩形開口，實現了自然通風，并為住宅創造了額外的公共綠色空間，每個開口空間都有獨特的主題。

The oculus could be closed with a thick layer of glass to form a soundproof barrier while maintaining a visual connection between the upper and lower volumes. Above this level, apartments are contained within the sphere’s double-shell structure, forming a colossal semi-outdoor domed space on the interior – almost a mirror of the bowl-shaped arena. This space becomes a courtyard garden for residents, with mature trees and furniture for relaxing. In a number of places, the dome of apartments gives way to three- and four-storey rectangular holes punched through the building’s shell, allowing natural ventilation and creating additional communal green spaces for residences, each with its own theme.

球體外殼層的公寓包括視野向外的戶型和一部分雙向房型，這些公寓不僅盡收地拉那城市的壯麗景色，還能欣賞內部穹頂、庭院花園，并能透過眼狀開口瞥見體育館的內部活動。隨著球體空間在頂部向內聚攏，隨之制造出大型露臺供住戶使用。

The apartments in the sphere’s shell comprise a mixture of outward-facing units and a portion of dual aspect units, which offer spectacular views not only of the city but also of the interior dome, courtyard garden, and a glimpse into the arena through the oculus. As the sphere tapers in at the top, large terraces are created for residents.

公寓的外墻設置在球體結構的表皮之內，這樣可以確保公寓擁有足夠的遮蔭，免受陽光直射。穹頂頂部以復式頂層公寓為主，每間都配有私人的屋頂露臺，球形頂部環帶空間的四分之一區域是一家雙層通高的空中酒吧，可以在這里俯瞰城市全景。

The external walls of the apartments are set back within the sphere’s shell, ensuring that the apartment interiors are shaded from the sun by the floor above, while accentuating the size of these terraces. The very top of the dome mostly hosts duplex penthouses, each with access to a private rooftop terrace, while one quarter of this upper ring hosts a double-height hotel skybar, with views over the city. A second oculus, that can be closed with glass and opened for ventilation, completes the sphere.

“‘大宴會廳’將成為一座燈塔，激發人們觀看并參與體育運動。這是一個可以運動、社交和聚會的地方！我們該如何呈現出這些想法呢？”MVRDV創始合伙人Winy Maas評論道。“球體結構借鑒了許多體育項目使用的圓形運動用品。同時，它也讓人聯想到歷史長河里的啟蒙圣殿，從法國建筑師艾蒂安·路易·布雷的牛頓紀念堂到美國科學家巴克敏斯特·富勒發明的網格球頂，我將之視為對技術樂觀主義的致敬。那么，在地拉那市中心打造一座大型的球形建筑，它同樣可以成為體育和社區的圣殿。通過連接不同的功能，它邀請建筑內的每個人都能夠參與其中；通過提供配備體育設施的公共空間，它真正成為社區和城市的一部分；通過地標式的形態，它吸引市民乃至來自更遠地方的人們聚集在這里。因此，它為地拉那不斷延續的新建筑系列增加了宏偉的一筆。”

“The Grand Ballroom will become a beacon, aiming to inspire and encourage people to play and to watch sport. A place to play, meet, and celebrate! How can we express that?” comments MVRDV founding partner Winy Maas. “The spherical shape is a reference to the round ball used by so many sports. Yet it also recalls enlightenment temples, from étienne-Louis Boullée’s Cenotaph for Newton to Buckminster Fuller’s tribute to technological optimism, the geodesic dome. A great sphere in the heart of Tirana can similarly become a temple to sport and community. By connecting the different functions, it invites everyone in the building to be part of the action. By providing public spaces complete with sports facilities, it becomes a part of its neighbourhood. By serving as a landmark, it draws people from all over the city and beyond to gather together and celebrate. It thus continues the growing Tirana Collection of new buildings.”

設計圖紙 ▽

完整項目信息

Facts

Project Name: The Grand Ballroom

Location: Tirana, Albania

Year: 2025 –

Client: Trema Tech shpk., Likado BV, Albanian Capital Group shpk, BCN Investments BV

Size and Programme: 90,200 m2 sports arena and associated facilities, housing, hotel,

retail, parking

Credits

Architect: MVRDV

Founding Partner in charge: Winy Maas

Partner: Bertrand Schippan

Design Team: Stavros Gargaretas, Catherine Drieux, Piotr Janus, Americo Iannazzone, Angel Sanchez Navarro, Ana Melgarejo Lopez, Sylvain Totaro, Lola Elisa Cauneac, Miguel del Campo Grijalbo, Stanis?aw Rochala

Strategy and Development: Maria Stamati

Visualization: Antonio Luca Coco, Angelo La Delfa, Luana La Martina, Jaroslaw Jeda, Stefano Fiaschi, Ciprian Buzdugan

Collaborators

Co-architect: UDV

Artist: Hellidon Xhixha

Structural Engineer / Cost Estimator: DERBI-E

Consultant: Ramboll

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